Practice as Research Pratique comme recherche

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Definitions

Short definition of key terms in order to provide a framework of their theoretical and disciplinary scope

Quotations

Author citations that propose consensus-building definitional elements from bibliographic sources

Perspectives

Texts written by artists and researchers, based on experiences in their field of study

Bibliography

Bibliographic citations for further reading

Definition

Practice as Research (PaR) is a scientific approach which supposes that all practice serves in and of itself as a form of research, resulting in the production of knowledge (see also ‘Performance as Research’). PaR thus invites us to value tacit knowledges that resist being the object of conceptual abstraction. Nevertheless, in an academic framework, this approach assumes the implementation of reflective work by the practitioner, as well as the development of documentary strategies for dealing with their experiential knowledge.

Cite: “Practice as Research”, Performascope: Interdisciplinary Lexicon of Performance and Research-Creation, Grenoble: Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021, [online]: http://performascope.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/en/detail/177877

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Created : 2021-06-14.

Last modified : 2022-06-29.

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Perspective

Quotation

Bibliography

« PaR involves a research project in which practice is a key method of inquiry and Introduction where, in respect of the arts, a practice (creative writing, dance, musical score/ performance, theatre/performance, visual exhibition, film or other cultural practice) is submitted as substantial evidence of a research inquiry. […] Moreover, PaR is not just a matter for arts practitioner- researchers; educational, ethnographic and many other disciplinary practices might equally follow the PaR model to be proposed. […] PaR involves a research project in which practice is a key method of inquiry and where, in respect of the arts, a practice is submitted as substantial evidence of a research inquiry. »

Robin Nelson, Practice as Research in the Arts. Principles, Protocols, Pedagogies, Resistances, New York : Palgrave Macmillan, 2013, pp.8-9-10


« Practice as research can be seen to be a process through which performance makers are able to develop and deepen the abilities they already possess to make reasoned, autonomous and often professional judgements. Through research, practitioners can develop an increased critical awareness of the things they do in their own practice and of why they do these things in the ways that they do. »

John Freeman, Blood, Sweat and Theory, Oxfordshire : Libri Pub., 2010, p.57

Installation and Performance
Rachel Gomme, Independent Artist-Researcher and Performer, London, United-Kingdom

I am an artist working with movement and performance. I am a researcher in performance studies and performance philosophy. And at heart, I am an improviser. In one sense, for me all practice is research. I make a performance to find out what happens. I dance with no pre-set choreography, following where my body and environment (sound, surfaces, audience) lead. I give myself a task to see how my body responds (spend four hours transporting sand one grain at a time; knit for 24 hours; follow a river overnight to the sea). I set up a situation, open it up to an invited or a found audience, with no idea how they might respond. The only way I can find out is through the performance, because my question is the performance situation. I want to know more about what that is and what it can do.

Like all animate beings, my body thinks in movement, orienting in directions of survival – toward light, nourishment, care, rest. In any activity, whether consciously identified as “practice” or not (walking, carrying, turning to look…), my body seeks out the most efficient, the least painful, the most pleasurable path of movement. Like a sculptor minutely adjusting her gestures to the turns and textures of wood or stone, a basket-weaver negotiating the tension of each fibre, my body has always known what research is.

How does this sit with a “research project”? What if I ask a “research question” in the abstract? For example: what is it to be present? How does my body remember? What happens when two people are present together? How do you know you’re here? These are all questions central to my practice. In the position of research, I can think them deeply and draw on rich analyses from many others. I can adopt a philosophical position. But ultimately, they only find an answer in the practice of living bodies. Once again, I set up a situation, invite a finding-out. The thinking I have engaged in, the delving into texts, the conversations I have had, feed into the questions, the framing of the practice. A performance is created that is still a question. The new knowledge arises in bodies, shared through our words but comprehended, held, incorporated through what we do, how we be together.

Indicative bibliography

Gomme, Rachel, “Repetition compulsion: How I learned to love doing it again”, Performance Research 20 (5), 2015, pp. 10-11.

Gomme, Rachel, “One and one”, in The Routledge Companion to Audiences, eds. Matthew Reason, Lynne Conner, Katja Johanson, Ben Walmsley. London: Routledge (2021 forthcoming)

Nelson, Robin, “Practice-as-research and the problem of knowledge”, Performance Research, 11(4), 2006: 105-116.

Sheets-Johnstone, Maxine, The Primacy of Movement (expanded second edition) (Amsterdam, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2011)

Cite this item: Rachel Gomme, “Practice as Research”, Performascope: Interdisciplinary Lexicon of Performance and Research-Creation, Grenoble: Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021, [online]: http://performascope.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/en/detail/177877

Martin Blain, « Practice-as-Research: a method for articulating creativity for practitioner-researchers », in Creative Teaching for Creative Learning in Higher Music Education, London: Routledge, 2016, pp.79-92

Isabella Pluta, Mireille Losco-Lena, « Pour une topographie de la recherche-création », Ligeia, 2015, 1, 137-140, pp.39-46, [en ligne] : https://www.cairn.info/revue-ligeia-2015-1-page-39.htm (06/05/21)

Lyle Skains, « Creative Practice as Research: Discourse on Methodology », Journal of Media Practice, 1, 19, 2018, pp.82-97

Graeme Sullivan, Art Practice as Research. Inquiry in Visual Arts, Thousand Oaks : Sage, 2009